After fleeing Sudan’s war, refugees battle thirst in Chad’s camps

Published 29 July 2026 · world

After escaping war and atrocities, families now battle water shortages and fading hopes of returning home. Goudrane and Adre, Chad – The water tanks had

After escaping war and atrocities, families now battle water shortages and fading hopes of returning home. Goudrane and Adre, Chad – The water tanks had been bone dry for four days when a water truck crested the ridge above Goudrane refugee camp in eastern Chad, home to about 50,000 Sudanese refugees. Hundreds sprinted across the burning sand towards the slowing truck. For many families, one filled jerrycan meant another day of survival. The women at the front of the crowd fell first. They screamed as children clambered over them. Some sank to their knees, losing their grip on their jerrycans. Within 10 minutes, the crowd had surged around the truck until its 6,000 litres (1,585 gallons) of water were gone. Rokhia Ibrahim, 43, a Sudanese schoolteacher, watched as her dejected pupils walked away carrying empty buckets. “It was less than a year ago when I saw children like them die of thirst while escaping el-Fasher,” she said. Water crisis This month, Al Jazeera interviewed dozens of Sudanese refugees, including Ibrahim, who fled horrific violence in Sudan and are now struggling to survive in camps across eastern Chad. For many, the desperate search for water has become another chapter in an ordeal that began with their escape from Sudan. Less than a year ago, Ibrahim fled fighting around el-Fasher. During her escape, she said fighters from the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), the predominantly Arab paramilitary group that has been battling the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) since war broke out in April 2023, attacked her family.

Her baby was pulled from her back and thrown to the ground, she said. Her husband was kicked repeatedly in the head until he lost his sight. “I watched the soldiers pour out the little water we had onto the ground,” she said, her eyes filling with tears. “And now we have almost no access to water again.” Aid stretched According to the United Nations, more than 938,000 Sudanese refugees have fled to neighbouring Chad since the war began in April 2023. Most now live in overcrowded camps across the country’s arid east, where some refugees survive on less than half the minimum daily water supply recommended under United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) humanitarian standards. At the medical clinic in Goudrane camp, young mothers queue for treatment while the camp’s only doctor confronts a problem that medicine alone cannot solve. “We have medicine to deal with infections and bacterial problems, but without clean water, you can’t take it,” the doctor told Al Jazeera. The French humanitarian organisation Solidarites International has been operating in Chad since 2008, but says the water crisis unfolding in refugee camps in the east is among the most urgent emergencies it has faced in the country. “We are doing everything we can to improve access to clean water in the camps, but current funding is not enough to ensure everyone has access to safe water,” said Thibault Henry, Solidarites International’s country director. He said the continuous increase in needs is rapidly outpacing the capacity of existing boreholes, pipelines, sanitation facilities and water treatment services.